Valuation, from the filing
| Public float | $13.34B | Market value of stock held by non-affiliates, as stated on the cover page for 2025-06-28 |
|---|---|---|
| Float / net income | 32.2× | A lower bound on the multiple, because affiliate holdings are excluded. |
| Float / revenue | 12.9× | A lower bound on the multiple, because affiliate holdings are excluded. |
| Float / equity | 9.9× | A lower bound on the multiple, because affiliate holdings are excluded. |
Every figure here is drawn from the 10-K cover page and the statements behind it, so each one traces to a filing. Public float counts only stock held by non-affiliates, which makes these floors rather than estimates: a high multiple is conclusive, a low one may mean cheap or may mean closely held. The float was measured on 2025-06-28, not today, and each multiple below it uses the figures for the fiscal year ending 2025-12-31 — the year that filing covered.
Valuation over time
32.2× earnings today, against a median of 69.5× across 3 years on record. Below its own history.
| Float measured | Public float | Float / net income | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2025-06-28 | $13.34B | 32.2× | |
| 2024-06-28 | $6.15B | 69.5× | |
| 2023-06-30 | $3.89B | 242.2× |
Each float is paired with the fiscal year the filing that stated it covers. Only years where the company reported positive net income appear, because a multiple against a loss is not a multiple.
How this compares in its industry
Percentile among the Services-Prepackaged Software filers on this site, highest value first. A high percentile means a large figure, which is good for a margin and not for leverage — the ranking says where the company sits, not whether that is where it should be.
| Measure | Reported | Percentile | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Net margin | 39.9% | 97th | |
| FCF margin | 35.6% | 95th | |
| Effective tax rate | -127.0% | 7th | |
| Revenue YoY growth | 38.7% | 90th | |
| Operating margin | 13.1% | 81th | |
| Current ratio | 2.61x | 80th | |
| R&D / revenue | 29.5% | 72th | |
| CapEx / revenue | 1.7% | 69th | |
| SBC / revenue | 13.2% | 58th | |
| Gross margin | 72.2% | 51th |
Duolingo, Inc. (DUOL) reported revenue of $1.04B and net income of $414.06M for the fiscal year ended 2025-12-31. This page shows 6 annual periods of income statement, balance sheet and cash flow figures normalized from Duolingo, Inc.’s SEC filings, each linked to the filing it came from. It is classified by the SEC under Services-Prepackaged Software.
Income
| Metric | 2025-12-31 | 2024-12-31 | 2023-12-31 | 2022-12-31 | 2021-12-31 | 2020-12-31 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Revenue | $1.04B | $748.02M | $531.11M | $369.50M | $250.77M | $161.70M |
| Cost of revenue | $288.13M | $203.64M | $142.10M | $99.43M | $69.19M | $45.99M |
| Gross profit | $749.46M | $544.38M | $389.00M | $270.06M | $181.59M | $115.71M |
| Operating income | $135.57M | $62.60M | -$13.26M | -$65.20M | -$60.01M | -$16.01M |
| Net income | $414.06M | $88.57M | $16.07M | -$59.57M | -$60.14M | -$15.78M |
| Research & development | $306.32M | $235.30M | $194.35M | $150.44M | $103.83M | $53.02M |
| Weighted-average diluted shares | shares 48.31M | shares 47.10M | shares 46.52M | shares 39.47M | shares 23.43M | shares 12.74M |
| Pretax income | $182.41M | $102.31M | $17.78M | -$58.64M | -$59.96M | -$15.71M |
| Income tax expense | -$231.66M | $13.73M | $1.71M | $938.00K | $177.00K | $68.00K |
| Diluted EPS | $8.57 | $1.88 | $0.35 | $-1.51 | $-2.57 | $-1.24 |
| Selling, general & administrative | $307.56M | $246.49M | $207.91M | $184.82M | $137.76M | $78.70M |
| General & administrative | $181.89M | $155.99M | $132.12M | $117.85M | $78.59M | $43.71M |
| Selling & marketing | $125.68M | $90.49M | $75.79M | $66.97M | $59.17M | $34.98M |
Balance
| Metric | 2025-12-31 | 2024-12-31 | 2023-12-31 | 2022-12-31 | 2021-12-31 | 2020-12-31 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cash & equivalents | $1.04B | $785.79M | $747.61M | $608.18M | $553.92M | $120.49M |
| Total assets | $1.99B | $1.30B | $953.96M | $747.35M | $661.31M | $175.74M |
| Current assets | $1.44B | $1.10B | $897.80M | $697.18M | $619.27M | $158.38M |
| Total liabilities | $645.18M | $477.18M | $298.46M | $205.27M | $148.26M | $73.82M |
| Current liabilities | $551.15M | $422.23M | $277.36M | $181.77M | $119.13M | $65.69M |
| Total equity incl. NCI | $1.35B | $824.55M | $655.50M | $542.08M | $513.06M | -$80.69M |
| Temporary (mezzanine) equity | Unavailable | Unavailable | Unavailable | $0 | $0 | $182.61M |
| Inventory | Unavailable | Unavailable | Unavailable | Unavailable | Unavailable | Unavailable |
| Accounts receivable | $162.83M | $128.92M | $88.98M | $46.73M | $33.16M | $20.45M |
| Goodwill | $35.34M | $10.54M | $4.05M | $4.05M | $0 | Unavailable |
| Long-term debt | Unavailable | Unavailable | Unavailable | Unavailable | Unavailable | Unavailable |
| Accounts payable | $8.00M | $6.38M | $2.45M | $1.18M | $7.82M | $2.20M |
Cash flow
| Metric | 2025-12-31 | 2024-12-31 | 2023-12-31 | 2022-12-31 | 2021-12-31 | 2020-12-31 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Operating cash flow | $387.82M | $285.51M | $153.61M | $53.66M | $9.17M | $17.71M |
| Capital expenditures | $18.10M | $12.12M | $3.19M | $5.56M | $3.59M | $3.38M |
| Investing cash flow | -$107.68M | -$217.33M | -$13.58M | -$14.17M | -$6.21M | -$4.01M |
| Financing cash flow | -$29.55M | -$30.00M | $2.14M | $14.78M | $430.47M | $46.95M |
| Net change in cash | $250.60M | $38.18M | $142.16M | $54.26M | $433.43M | $60.65M |
| Stock-based compensation | $137.44M | $110.48M | $95.22M | $73.82M | $40.80M | $17.03M |
| Common dividends paid | Unavailable | Unavailable | Unavailable | Unavailable | Unavailable | Unavailable |
| Common share repurchases | Unavailable | Unavailable | $0 | $0 | $868.00K | $0 |
| Depreciation & amortization | $14.39M | $10.85M | $7.10M | $4.87M | $2.73M | $2.26M |
Derived
| Metric | 2025-12-31 | 2024-12-31 | 2023-12-31 | 2022-12-31 | 2021-12-31 | 2020-12-31 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Free cash flow | $369.73M | $273.40M | $150.42M | $48.09M | $5.58M | $14.33M |
| Gross margin | 72.2% | 72.8% | 73.2% | 73.1% | 72.4% | 71.6% |
| Operating margin | 13.1% | 8.4% | -2.5% | -17.6% | -23.9% | -9.9% |
| FCF margin | 35.6% | 36.5% | 28.3% | 13.0% | 2.2% | 8.9% |
| SBC / revenue | 13.2% | 14.8% | 17.9% | 20.0% | 16.3% | 10.5% |
| Current ratio | 2.61x | 2.61x | 3.24x | 3.84x | 5.20x | 2.41x |
| Revenue YoY growth | 38.7% | 40.8% | 43.7% | 47.3% | 55.1% | Unavailable |
| Net margin | 39.9% | 11.8% | 3.0% | -16.1% | -24.0% | -9.8% |
| R&D / revenue | 29.5% | 31.5% | 36.6% | 40.7% | 41.4% | 32.8% |
| CapEx / revenue | 1.7% | 1.6% | 0.6% | 1.5% | 1.4% | 2.1% |
| Long-term debt / equity | Unavailable | Unavailable | Unavailable | Unavailable | Unavailable | Unavailable |
| Effective tax rate | -127.0% | 13.4% | 9.6% | Unavailable | Unavailable | Unavailable |
Amounts are abbreviated; the exact reported value is carried in each cell. — means unavailable, not zero. Open DUOL in the interactive workspace to inspect any figure back to its filing.
Source filings
Every accounting identity this site checks — the balance sheet, the gross profit bridge and the cash flow statement — reconciles in every period shown.